Learn how to – Setup WordPress Website on Arch Linux / Manjaro

Learn how to – Setup WordPress Website on Arch Linux / Manjaro.

WordPress is one of the most used CMS systems in the world. Its successful adoption is a result of the open source model and a huge community around the software. WordPress is licensed under GPLv2 and has plenty of themes and plugins thus making it simple to customize. In this tutorial i’ll show show full steps on how to setup wordpress website on Arch Linux / Manjaro Linux. This setup will include configuring php and mysql database.

WordPress is an easy to customize and administer platform yet very powerful content management system. The whole installation and configuration of WordPress on Arch Linux  is a clean and straightforward process, so let’s get started.

Step 1: Update Arch Linux / Manjaro System

Let’s start the installation by upgrading the system:

$ sudo pacman -Syu
:: Synchronizing package databases...
 core is up to date
 extra                                                              1549.6 KiB  3.78 MiB/s 00:00 [#########################################################] 100%
 community                                                             5.5 MiB  8.95 MiB/s 00:01 [#########################################################] 100%
:: Starting full system upgrade...
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...

Packages (1) libldap-2.4.58-3

Total Download Size:   0.30 MiB
Total Installed Size:  0.91 MiB
Net Upgrade Size:      0.00 MiB

:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y

Step 2: Install Apache httpd web server

Once the system is updated perform installation of Apache web server:

$ sudo pacman -Sy apache vim bash-completion
:: Synchronizing package databases...
 core is up to date
 extra is up to date
 community is up to date
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...

Packages (3) apr-1.7.0-3  apr-util-1.6.1-8  apache-2.4.47-1

Total Download Size:   2.10 MiB
Total Installed Size:  8.16 MiB

:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y

Set servername:

$ sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ServerName mysite.example.com

Start Apache web server after installation:

sudo systemctl enable --now httpd

Let’s confirm service status:

$ systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - Apache Web Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2021-05-28 19:49:13 UTC; 37s ago
   Main PID: 814 (httpd)
      Tasks: 82 (limit: 2336)
     Memory: 6.8M
        CPU: 30ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
             ├─814 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
             ├─815 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
             ├─816 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
             └─817 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND

May 28 19:49:13 archlinux systemd[1]: Started Apache Web Server.

Step 3: Install PHP on Arch Linux / Manjaro Linux

Run the following commands to install PHP and basic extensions on Arch Linux / Manjaro:

$ sudo pacman -Sy php php-{cgi,gd,pgsql,fpm,apache}
:: Synchronizing package databases...
 core is up to date
 extra is up to date
 community is up to date
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
....
Total Download Size:    27.55 MiB
Total Installed Size:  143.27 MiB

:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y

Uncomment the following lines in /etc/php/php.ini to MySQL/MariaDB extensions:

$ sudo vim /etc/php/php.ini 
extension=pdo_mysql
extension=mysqli

Step 4: Install MariaDB database server

Next is installation of MariaDB database server on Arch Linux / Manjaro:

$ sudo pacman -S libmariadbclient mariadb mariadb-clients
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...

Packages (6) jemalloc-1:5.2.1-3  libaio-0.3.112-2  lzo-2.10-3  mariadb-10.5.10-1  mariadb-clients-10.5.10-1  mariadb-libs-10.5.10-1

Total Download Size:    36.35 MiB
Total Installed Size:  305.29 MiB

:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y

Initialize database server using the commands below:

$ sudo mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/var/lib/mysql' ...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system


Two all-privilege accounts were created.
One is root@localhost, it has no password, but you need to
be system 'root' user to connect. Use, for example, sudo mysql
The second is mysql@localhost, it has no password either, but
you need to be the system 'mysql' user to connect.
After connecting you can set the password, if you would need to be
able to connect as any of these users with a password and without sudo

See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at https://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.

You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '/usr' ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/var/lib/mysql'

You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd '/usr/mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at https://mariadb.org/jira

The latest information about MariaDB is available at https://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
https://dev.mysql.com
Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
https://mariadb.org/get-involved/

Start and enable MariaDB service:

sudo systemctl enable --now mysqld.service

Secure your database server:

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] y
Enabled successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Change the root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

Open MySQL Shell as root user:

$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 14
Server version: 10.5.10-MariaDB Arch Linux

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

Create Database for WordPress, user and grant privileges:

CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO wordpress@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'StrongPassword';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
q

Remember to change WordPress user and database name accordingly.

Step 5: Download WordPress on Arch Linux / Manjaro

Download the latest release of WordPress:

curl -O  https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz

Extract the file downloaded:

tar xvf latest.tar.gz

Move the resulting wordpress folder to /srv/http/ directory:

sudo mv wordpress /srv/http/mysite

Create configuration file:

sudo mv /srv/http/mysite/wp-config-sample.php  /srv/http/mysite/wp-config.php

Modify the file and provide database connection details:

$ sudo vim /srv/http/mysite/wp-config.php
// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define( 'DB_NAME', 'wordpress' );

/** MySQL database username */
define( 'DB_USER', 'wordpress' );

/** MySQL database password */
define( 'DB_PASSWORD', 'StrongPassword' );

Set web root directory permissions:

sudo chown -R root:http /srv/http/mysite

Modify the VirtualHost file to look like below:

$ sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@.example.com
    DocumentRoot "/srv/http/mysite"
    ServerName mysite.example.com
    ServerAlias www.mysite.example.com
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/mysite-error_log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/mysite-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

Where:

• mysite.com is your valid domain name
• /srv/http/mysite is your wordpress root installation directory
• webmaster@.example.com is the Admin user email address

Edit the main httpd configuration file to load /etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf file.

$ sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# Virtual hosts - Uncomment the line
Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

In /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf, comment the line:

#LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so

Uncomment the line:

LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so

To enable PHP, add these lines to /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf at the end of the LoadModule list:

LoadModule php_module modules/libphp.so
AddHandler php-script .php

Place this at the end of the Include list:

Include conf/extra/php_module.conf

Step 6: Configure WordPress from Web Console

Open http://mysite.com to start wordpress installation. You should get initial installation page which looks similar to one below.

Provide required information and click on “Install WordPress” button. If all goes well, you should get login page.

Click Log in and provide username and password.

On Login, you should get to wordpress Admin dashboard.

Reference books:

• Best Books To Learn WordPress Development

Reference:

• Arch Httpd configurations
• PHP installation guide

Conclusion

We’ve covered how to setup wordpress and configured everything on Arch Linux needed for wordpress to run and host site. You can now customize wordpress and add any plugin you want but be careful on the number of plugins you enable since they can drastically impact negatively on your site.

For Multisite refer to our guide below:

– Setup WordPress Multisite Network with Nginx on Ubuntu | Debian