Install Magento on Google Cloud with Ubuntu 18.04, Nginx, PHP 7.2, Cloud SQL and Let’s Encrypt SSL

Felix Williams Google Cloud May 13, 2023

Prerequisites

Your Compute Engine Instance running and installed with Nginx and PHP.
For setting up Compute Engine, see the Setting up Compute Engine Instance.
For installing Nginx and PHP, see how to install LEMP in Compute Engine Instance.
Domain name is pointed to your virtual machine.
For setting up Cloud DNS, see the Setting up Google Cloud DNS for your domain.
Google Cloud SQL Setup, see Setup Cloud SQL and connect with Compute Engine.

Install Required Magento Packages

sudo apt install php7.2-intl php7.2-bcmath unzip

Setup your website

Your website will be located in the home directory and have the following structure

Replace yourdomainname.com with your original domain name.

home
 -- yourdomainname.com
 ---- logs
 ---- public

The public directory is your website’s root directory and logs directory for your error logs

Now we create these directories and set correct permissions

You need to SSH into your VM Instance and run these commands

mkdir -p yourdomainname.com/logs yourdomainname.com/public
sudo chmod -R 755 yourdomainname.com

Download Magento

Navigate to your root directory and install Composer globally. You need composer to update dependencies before installing Magento

cd ~/yourdomainname.com/public
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | sudo php -- --install-dir=/usr/bin --filename=composer

Now create a new composer project using Magento Open Source

composer create-project --repository=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition <install-directory-name>

You will be prompted to enter username and password to download Magento

Go you your Magento account and grab your keys. Your public key is your username; your private key is your password.

Once done wait for the download to complete and set up permissions correctly

sudo cp -a ~/yourdomainname.com/public/<install-directory-name>/. ~/yourdomainname.com/public
sudo rm -r ~/yourdomainname.com/public/<install-directory-name>
find var generated vendor pub/static pub/media app/etc -type f -exec chmod g+w {} +
find var generated vendor pub/static pub/media app/etc -type d -exec chmod g+ws {} +
sudo chown -R :username .
sudo chmod u+x bin/magento

Setup Nginx for Magento

Copy the default Magento nginx.conf.sample file to nginx.conf

cp ~/yourdomainname.com/public/nginx.conf.sample ~/yourdomainname.com/public/nginx.conf

Now create a new Nginx configuration for your website in the sites-available directory

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/yourdomainname.com

Copy and paste the following configuration, ensure that you change the server_name, error_log and root directives to match your domain name. Hit CTRL+X followed by Y to save the changes.

upstream fastcgi_backend {
    server  unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;

    server_name yourdomainname.com www.yourdomainname.com;

    error_log /home/username/yourdomainname.com/logs/error.log;

    set $MAGE_ROOT /home/username/yourdomainname.com/public;
    include /home/username/yourdomainname.com/public/nginx.conf;
}

To enable this newly created website configuration, symlink the file that you just created into the sites-enabled directory.

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/yourdomainname.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/yourdomainname.com

Check your configuration and restart Nginx for the changes to take effect

sudo nginx -t
sudo service nginx restart

Create SSL certificate and enable HTTP/2

HTTPS
HTTPS is a protocol for secure communication between a server (instance) and a client (web browser). Due to the introduction of Let’s Encrypt, which provides free SSL certificates, HTTPS are adopted by everyone and also provides trust to your audiences.

HTTP/2
HTTP/2 is the latest version of the HTTP protocol and can provide a significant improvement to the load time of your sites. There really is no reason not to enable HTTP/2, the only requirement is that the site must use HTTPS.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-certbot-nginx

Now we have installed Certbot by Let’s Encrypt for Ubuntu 18.04, run this command to receive your certificates.

sudo certbot --nginx certonly

Enter your email and agree to the terms and conditions, then you will receive the list of domains you need to generate SSL certificate.

To select all domains simply hit Enter

The Certbot client will automatically generate the new certificate for your domain. Now we need to update the Nginx config.

Redirect HTTP Traffic to HTTPS with www in Nginx

Open your site’s Nginx configuration file add replace everything with the following. Replacing the file path with the one you received when obtaining the SSL certificate. The ssl_certificate directive should point to your fullchain.pem file, and the ssl_certificate_key directive should point to your privkey.pem file.

upstream fastcgi_backend {
    server  unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
}
server {
    listen [::]:80;
    listen 80;

    server_name yourdomainname.com www.yourdomainname.com;
    # redirect http to https www
    return 301 https://www.yourdomainname.com$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    listen 443 ssl http2;

    server_name yourdomainname.com;

    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomainname.com/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomainname.com/privkey.pem;

    set $MAGE_ROOT /home/username/yourdomainname.com/public;
    include /home/username/yourdomainname.com/public/nginx.conf;

    # redirect https non-www to https www
    return 301 https://www.yourdomainname.com$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    listen 443 ssl http2;

    server_name www.yourdomainname.com;

    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomainname.com/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomainname.com/privkey.pem;

    error_log /home/username/yourdomainname.com/logs/error.log;

    set $MAGE_ROOT /home/username/yourdomainname.com/public;
    include /home/username/yourdomainname.com/nginx.conf;
}

The http2 value is all that is needed to enable the HTTP/2 protocol.

Hit CTRL+X followed by Y to save the changes.

Check your configuration and restart Nginx for the changes to take effect.

sudo nginx -t
sudo service nginx restart

Renewing SSL Certificate

Certificates provided by Let’s Encrypt are valid for 90 days only, so you need to renew them often. Now you set up a cronjob to check for the certificate which is due to expire in next 30 days and renew it automatically.

sudo crontab -e

Add this line at the end of the file

0 0,12 * * * certbot renew >/dev/null 2>&1

Hit CTRL+X followed by Y to save the changes.

This cronjob will attempt to check for renewing the certificate twice daily.

Install Magento

You need to set up Cloud SQL and create a database, user to install Magento. Learn to Setup Cloud SQL and connect with Compute Engine

Once Cloud SQL setup is ready and configured to allow connections from your VM Instance.

Visit your domain name in your web browser to install Magento

You should see the installation wizard to complete the install

Once the readiness check is completed, you can add the database you have created in Cloud SQL

Next, configure your admin

Continue the steps and complete the installation

Enjoy your Magento installation on Google Cloud with Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, Nginx, PHP 7.2, Let’s Encrypt SSL and Cloud SQL.

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Install Magento on Google Cloud with Ubuntu 18.04, Nginx, PHP 7.2, Cloud SQL and Let’s Encrypt SSL

Written by Felix Williams

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